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Conceptual
Resistance training (RT) offers benefits to both men and women. However, the studies about the differences between men and women in response to an RT program are not conclusive and few data are available about upper body strength response. The aim of this study was to compare elbow flexor strength gains in men and women after 10 weeks of RT. Forty-four college-aged men ( ± 2.34 years) and forty-seven college-aged women ( ± 2.96 years) participated in the study. The RT program was performed two days a week for 10 weeks. Before and after the training period, peak torque (PT) of the elbow flexors was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. PT values were higher in men in comparison to women in pre- and post-tests (p < 0.01).> 0.05). Effect sizes were 0.57 and 0.56 for men and women, respectively. In conclusion, the present study suggests that men and women have a similar upper body strength response to RT.
Inclusion
Weight training (RT) has the benefit of advantages to both males and females. Indeed, the advantages of RT include however they are not restricted to: diminished intestinal transportation go out; less risk of cancer of the colon (Koffler et al., 1992); increased sleep metabolism (Campbell mais aussi al., 1994; Paoli et al., 2012); improved sugar metabolism (Hurley, 1994); enhanced blood-lipid pages (Stone ainsi que al., 1982; Hurley ainsi que al., 1988); less asleep blood pressure (Harris & Holly, 1987; Colliander & Tesch, 1988); enhanced limbs nutrient density (Menkes et al., 1993); pain protection for these suffering from osteoarthritis (Rall ainsi que al., 1996); reduced lower back pain (Deyssig et al., 1993; Weinsier mais aussi al., 1995); improved independency (Westcott, 1995); and you can, improved maximal aerobic capabilities (Steele mais aussi al., 2012). Specifically, increased electricity and you will strength, an important ramifications of RT, was indeed confirmed to attenuate the risk of every-cause death (Newman ainsi que al., 2006; Ruiz mais aussi al., 2008; Artero mais aussi al., 2011; Srikanthan & Karlamangla, 2014). Although not, whether there are sex-specific responses in order to RT is actually currently uncertain. Centered on Dreyer ainsi que al., (2010), typically dudes enjoys ten moments a lot more circulating testosterone than feminine. Chest muscles might have a lot more androgen receptors than lower body looks (Kadi mais aussi al., 2000). Hence, you’ll be able this hormonal variation you are going to enable better advancement from top limb muscles within the men compared to the female that have RT.
) investigated body composition within the 268 dudes and two hundred female using magnetic resonance imaging and found chest strength ratio are greater from inside the guys than just feminine (42.9 against. 39.7%). Comparable abilities was basically utilized in opposition-instructed subjects from the Alway ainsi que al. (1989), whom compared male and female weight lifters. They reported that, even after doing an identical education regularity and did similar training software, the strength get across-sectional the main biceps brachii is actually higher from inside the guys than just in females. Also, Kvorning mais aussi al. (2006) learned that the consequences out-of testosterone to the electricity progress will be more obvious than simply strength increases. Thus, it could be hypothesized one sex you will influence the brand new fuel response much more compared to the rise in muscle mass in reaction so you can RT.
Past studies reported that visitors carrying out an equivalent RT system don’t differ for the energy development, one another absolute and you can cousin, on the hip and legs (Ivey ainsi que al., 2000; Galvao mais aussi al., 2006; Dorgo ainsi que al., 2012). Fisher mais aussi al. (2014) possess recently reported the brand new fuel growth from female and male students of an exclusive RT studio both for top and lower body teaching. There were comparable absolute power growth but really lady got a little higher cousin power growth and you will stamina development in accordance with body bulk. However, ladies contained in this analysis got educated for around double the latest stage of males. Almost every other education exploring the chest report conflicting findings with some recommending higher natural development into the guys (O’Hagan et al., 1995; Abe mais aussi al., 2000) and you may greater cousin increases in females. Other people stated no distinctions (Davies et al., 1988; Abe mais aussi al., 2000). not, it has been argued from the Abe ainsi que al. (2000) a large number of the sooner knowledge and that held sex contrasting to own each other power and you can muscle hypertrophic change were hampered because of the reasonable analytical fuel because of quick sample types (all the ?20 people).